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P. H. SHANNON.

APPARATUS FOR HEATING RAILWAY CARS. No. 396,615. A Patented Jan. 22', 1889.

WITNESSES,

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NTTan STATES PATENT l l llfiht PATRICK ll. SHANNON, OF JAMESTOIVN, NEIV YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO FRED BAUER ANT) HENRY H. COOPER, OF SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS FOR HEATING RAlLWAY CARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 396,615, dated January 22, 1889. Application filed November 5, 1887. Serial No. 254,393. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, PATRICK I-I. SHANNON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Jamestown, in the county of Chautauqua and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Ap mratus for Heating Railway-Cars; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, reference being had to IO the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification, in which the figure represents a plan view of my apparatus.

My invention relates to apparatus for heating cars; and it consists in the constructions and combinations which I shall hereinafter fully describe and claim.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will now describe its construction and indicate the manner in which the same is carried out.

Referring to the drawing, (f represents what I prefer to designate caloriferes, consisting of a box or receptacle, A, let into or suitably secured to the floor of the cars at desired points. lVithin these exterior boxes are placed other receptacles or flasks, B, filled with acetate of soda or other appropriate chemicals, and connected together bysteampipes which pass through said flasks and body of chemicals, thereby heating the latter.

The receptacles or flasks may be of any suitable shape, while their size depends largely upon the amount of heat desired.

The pipes a and b extend from the locomotive and pass through the central part of the car and caloriferes, and they are connected with branch pipes c and (Z, whose diameters approximate the diameters of the main pipes. The pipes c and (Z project from opposite sides 40 of the main pipes, are suitably coiled within each of the indepehdent receptacles or flasks, and are connected with the main pipes at points inside of the outer box or receptacle, A, as shown, suitable cocks, 6, being placed in the main pipes to direct the whole body of steam through the branch pipes when desired, other cocks, 6', being likewise let into the branch pipes to shut off the steam from any one or more of the caloriferes, or from 131K556 flasks or receptacles through which the said pipe passes.

A car heated by my apparatus and side tracked for twelve hours would remain (30.11% fortably warm during the whole of that time. The warmth emitted would be free from the unpleasant odor usually attending heat by other means. The main object attained by this plan is the production of sufficient heat, While dispensing with fire or steam during transit. In the event of an accident there would be no heat capable of producing ignition, and the chemicals when exposed to the air would cohere at once, thereby becoming harmless to the person.

The manner of transmitting the initial temperature, as well as renewing the same to the chemicals, varies, and may conform to the appliances in every-day use on the different roads. The steam may be applied before starting by the engine that is to draw the train, by a stationary boiler or p ipe-line therefrom, or by a switch-engine on a side track or in the rear of the coaches, by one or all of these agencies, and while the train is stopped at a station for a brief period the steam may be directed from the engine of the train to the heaters. Thereby the surplus steam, instead of wasting through the blow-off, may be utilized in this way. I prefer, however, live steam for heating the substances.

The chemical heat is diffused gradually, which necessitates the use of a considerable quantity of solution, and the heat passes from the caloriferes into the car through suitable registers, R. A train of fifteen coaches adequately heated and side-tracked for the night would be su'l'liciently warm in the morning without the agency of heat other than that chemically stored. It will not be necessary to lessen the fire in an engine attached to the train before leaving a road terminus nor while at way'stations, as the surplus steam gener ated during such times would be used, as before stated. The valves in the rear car of the train may be opened when desired, and the air, as well as the water of con dcnsation, forced out at those points.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an apparatus for heating railway-cars, the caloriferes consisting of external'boxes or receptacles and internal independent chemically-filled flasks or receptacles, in combination with the steam-pipes leading from the engine, and branch pipes connecting with the main pipes at points inside of the ealoriferes passing through and independently coiled in each internal flask or receptacle, whereby its contents are heated, substantially as described.

2. In a car-heating apparatus, the main steam-pipes, in combination with ealoriferes secured in the ears and consisting of exterior boxes, chemically-filled flasks or receptacles within said boXes but independent thereof and of each other, and pipes connected with the main pipes having a plural number of coils, one of which is located inside of each flask, whereby its contents are internally heated, substantially as described.

3. The boxes or calorileres, and the inde-' pendent flasks or receptacles placed therein so as to leave a surrounding air-space, said boxes containing chemicals, in combination with the main steam-pipes passing through the cars and caloriferes, and branch pipes of the same diameter as the main pipes'connected with said pipes at points inside the outer boxes and independently coiled within each chemically-filled flask, and the cooks in the main and branch pipes for directing the 0 course of the steam, substantially as described.

PA'IRICK n. SHANNON.

\Vitnesses:

JAMES L. WEnKs, JAMES I. FOWLER. 

